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<\/h1>\n<\/h1>\nIn contemporary democracies, the debate on immigrants and their integration has been salient. In the context of its nation-building project, Scotland is seen to elaborate its own integration model based on civic national identity.<\/p>\n Often likened to Quebec\u2019s interculturalism, Scotland has been frequently seen as an example of civic nationalism, promoting a national identification based on territoriality. Scotland\u2019s identity is based on territorial criteria rather than ethnic sense of belonging to a tribe, making Scottishness more accessible to different ethnicities. The paper attempts to explain and assess the Scottish multicultural model taking into consideration the already complex multinational situation<\/p>\n African American children\u2019s literature has always been marked with the rhetoric of resistance. In response to the racist assumptions about black body, many children\u2019s authors celebrate the beauty of natural Afro hair. This article analyzes bell hooks\u2019s picture book Happy to Be Nappy<\/em>, in which Afro hair is used as a signifier of black identity and racial pride. It makes reference to previous publications on the topic of black hair and explains the importance of the books in the tradition of African American children\u2019s literature as defined by W.E.B. Du Bois.<\/p>\n The article takes a cue from the idea that the failure of the current notion of multiculturalism does not rely on a problem of biological \u201crace\u201d but on a conception of space\/place which implies that, according to common belief, people should stay in their \u201cown place\u201d (Bauman 2005). The relationship between spatial definitions and identity is at the core of the recent diaspora theories. The aim of the article is to analyse the interrelationships among multiculturalism, identity processes, space, and migration through postcolonial literature: Shoba Narayan\u2019s Return to India<\/em>, Nadeem Aslam\u2019s Maps for Lost Lovers<\/em>, and Arinta Srivastava\u2019s Looking for Maya <\/em>will be used as tools of investigation of these same phenomena.<\/p>\n The main purpose of this essay is to investigate how V.S. Naipaul\u2019s autobiographical novel The Enigma of Arrival<\/em> describes the ways in which a transcultural, hybrid subjectivity is performed in the form of a series of multiple linguistic acts in which the narrator positions himself within an ever-changing reality. The dynamic pattern through which the protagonist\u2019s subjectivity comes into being will be analysed in the light of the multiple relations with otherness that the novel stages at different levels. Also, the essay deals with issues of self-reflexivity, since The Enigma of Arrival<\/em> deals with the development Naipaul\u2019s relationship to writing and also with the composition of the novel itself.<\/p>\n There is no sanctioned definition of a global<\/em> or world<\/em> language, but it basically refers to a language that is learned and spoken internationally and is characterized not only by the number of its native and second language speakers, but also by its geographical dispersal, and its use in international organizations and in diplomatic relations. As a predominant tool of communication, it avails itself of authority of a very special kind. Within the relation of language and power there is little doubt that it includes an element of domination too. This kind of language domination can be spoken of in terms of cultural imperialism, which formerly occurred in the sense of colonization and political supremacy, now it is less obvious but nonetheless widespread.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/essenglish.org\/messenger\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/06\/download-pdf.png?resize=138%2C36&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\nContents<\/h2>\n
Multi\/Inter-culturalism and identity negotiation<\/h3>\n
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<\/a>Rationale, p. 5<\/h4>\n<\/a> Negotiation of identity in Scotland\u2019s multicultural model – Wafa El Fekih Said , p. 6<\/h4>\n<\/a> Afro hair as a signifier of racial identity in\u00a0 African American children\u2019s literature – Ewa Kleczaj-Siara, p. 18<\/h4>\n<\/a> Traces of Transnationalism and Multiculturalism in a Literary Context – Alessia Polatti, p. 30<\/h4>\n<\/a> Man (not) fitting the landscape – Eleonora Ravizza, p. 45<\/h4>\nEchoes<\/h3>\n
<\/a>Minority Languages between Scylla and Charybdis – Dalibor Kesi\u0107, p. 58<\/h4>\nReviews<\/h3>\n
<\/a>Mark Nixon. Samuel Beckett\u2019s German Diaries 1936-1937<\/em>. London and New York: Continuum, 2011. – Benjamin Keatinge, p. 71<\/p>\n<\/a>George O\u2019Brien. The Irish Novel 1960-2010<\/em>, Cork: Cork University Press. – Aidan O\u2019Malley, p. 74<\/p>\n<\/a>Shaun Regan, ed. Reading 1759: Literary Culture in Mid-Eighteenth Century Britain and France<\/em>. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2013. – Eoghan Smith , p. 76<\/p>\n<\/a>Julian Murphet and Mark Steven, eds. Styles of Extinction: Cormac McCarthy\u2019s<\/em> The Road London: Continuum. – Diletta De Cristofaro , p. 79<\/p>\n<\/a>Julia Novak, Live Poetry. An Integrated Approach to Poetry in Performance.<\/em> Amsterdam-New York: Rodopi, 2011. – Anita Szikszai, p. 81<\/p>\nHomage<\/h3>\n